Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is a condition that occurs in patients after they have been admitted to the hospital for more than 48 hours. The public healthcare system faces a significant challenge due to HAP, as it is the second most common hospital-acquired infection. Pneumonia causes inflammation in the lungs, primarily affecting the alveoli, which are microscopic air sacs. The main causes of HAP are bacterial or viral infections, and it can be classified based on how the patient acquired the infection.